http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/270/1529/2147.short
+ Author Affiliations
- *Author for correspondence (c.rae@mmb.usyd.edu.au).
Abstract
Creatine supplementation is in widespread
use to enhance sports–fitness performance, and has been trialled
successfully in
the treatment of neurological, neuromuscular and
atherosclerotic disease. Creatine plays a pivotal role in brain energy
homeostasis,
being a temporal and spatial buffer for cytosolic
and mitochondrial pools of the cellular energy currency, adenosine
triphosphate
and its regulator, adenosine diphosphate. In this
work, we tested the hypothesis that oral creatine supplementation (5 g d-1
for six weeks) would enhance intelligence test scores and working
memory performance in 45 young adult, vegetarian subjects
in a double–blind, placebo–controlled, cross–over
design. Creatine supplementation had a significant positive effect (p
< 0.0001) on both working memory (backward digit span) and
intelligence (Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices), both tasks
that require speed of processing. These findings
underline a dynamic and significant role of brain energy capacity in
influencing
brain performance.
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